Unit 9 Tourist Destination Assignment - UK and WorldWide

Introduction

The tourist destination has been executed over the topic United Kingdom and Worldwide tourist destinations with an aim to analyse the trends of tourist destination of the place and various aspects which affects the popularity of the tourist destination. There are various factors which are responsible for attracting the tourists towards a destination. This program will discuss the analysis of the main tourist destinations and generators of the world on the basis of the number of visitors, income generation and the trends of the tourist destinations and to predict the future trends and the cultural, social and physical features of tourist destinations by explaining the appeal made by these destinations (B, et. al., 2014). Comparison has been made over the features of a developing and a leading tourist destination and over the appeal made by a developing tourist destination and by a leading tourist destination. There are various features or characteristics of a place or a destination which helps the destination in making an appeal to the tourists. Evaluation has been done of the manner in which these characteristics affect the appeal of a destination. There are various issues which affect the popularity of a destination and these issues are considered in this report. Responsible travel and tourism plays a vital role in enhancing the host community at these worldwide tourist destinations (Valeri, 2015). 

For a better understanding of the various aspects related to a tourist destination, a travel and tourism company of United Kingdom has been selected named as “TUI Group”. It’s headquarter is located in Hannover, Germany, founded in 1923 and is the largest leisure, travel and tourism company of the world. It owns travel agencies, hotels, airlines, retail stores and cruise ships (TUI Group UK).

Task 1

1.1 Analyse the main tourist destinations at least top five destinations e.g. UK, Europe and the rest of the world and to include the main generators in the world in terms of visitor numbers and income generation. For example by identifying the number of visitors, nights and spending by purpose and by country of visit using the recent data available

With the change in the environment and conditions or trends of the market a change has been noticed in the travel and tourism industry also. These changes are occurring due to various factors or characteristics or features of these tourist destinations. The number of tourists has increased due to the change in the environment and trends of the market. There are various tourist destinations which are popular and attracting the visitors towards them by making an effective appeal. Different countries of the world have different features which attracts the tourists. The most popular tourist destinations are France, United States, Spain, China, Italy, Turkey, Germany, United Kingdom, Russia and Mexico (Valeri, 2015). These countries have various tourist destinations which are responsible for the increasing number of visitors in these countries. According to the reports of 2011, the data presents that the number of visitors in France in 2011 was 79,500,000 and which made it stand over the first place in the list of the top tourist destinations. United States had 62,300,000 visitors which have increased tremendously in 2014. China had 57,600,000 visitors which made it stand over the third position in the list of top tourist destinations according to the report issued in 2011. Spain was at fourth place with 56,700,000 visitors, Italy at fifth position with 46,100,000 visitors, Turkey at sixth with 29,300,000 visitors and United Kingdom at seventh place with 29,200,000 visitors ( Neild, 2016). The major impact of these increasing trends can be seen over the economy of the country, income generation sources and generation of the employment opportunities.

Table showing the top tourist destinations according to the data of the report issued in 2014:

This table shows the position of the countries in the list of top tourist destination countries of 2014, and the number of visitors in 2011, 2013 and 2014 which shows the increasing trend and the effectiveness of these countries in attracting the visitors and attracting the visitors as well as the cities or famous tourist destinations of these countries.

Position according to 2014	Country	Tourist destinations or cities	Number of visitors in 2014	Number of visitors in 2013	Number of visitors in 2011
1	France	Paris	83700000	83600000	79,500,000
		Lyon
		Toulouse
		Cannes
		Nantes
2	United States	New York	74,800,000	70,000,000	62,300,000
		San Francisco
		Las Vegas
		Los Angeles
		Maui
3	Spain	Madrid	65,000,000	60,700,000	56,700,000
		Seville
		Valencia
		Malaga
		Alicante
4	China	Hong Kong	55,600,000	55,500,000	57,600,000
		Macau
		Shanghai
		Beijing
		Suzhou
5	Italy	Rome	48,600,000	47,700,000	46,100,000
		Milan
		Pisa
		Capri
		Venice
6	Turkey	Ankara	39,800,000	37,800,000	29,300,000
		Izmir
		Istanbul
		Konya
		Gaziantep
7	Germany	Berlin	33,000,000	31,500,000	28,400,000
		Frankfurt
		Munich
		Hamburg
		Bremen
8	United Kingdom	Cambridge	32,600,000	31,100,000	29,200,000
		Lake district
		Stonehenge
		Scottish highlands
		London
9	Russia	Moscow	29,800,000	28,400,000	22,700,000
		Sochi
		Saint Petersburg
		Kazan
		Samara
10	Mexico	Chapultepec	29,100,000	24,200,000	23,400,000
		Museo Soumaya
		Angel of Independence
		Museo Dolores olmedo
		Lake Texcoco

1.2 Analyse statistics to determine tourism destination trends and predict future trend

There are various aspects related to a destination which affects the selection process of the tourist destinations by the tourists. This selection process describes the trends which is taking place in the present world. These trends are based on the various aspects of tourist destinations. France is the most famous tourist destinations of the world and there are various features of France which attracts the visitors towards it. These features includes the cultural aspects of the place, social aspects, economic conditions of the place, change in the exchange rates, fluctuations in the value of the currency, change in the weather conditions or climatic conditions of France and physical aspects of the country. As per the trends of the past years it has been analysed that the number of visitors visiting France is increasing at a fast speed. Due to the increase in the number of visitors there is an increase in the employment generation in the country as it involves providing various services to the visitors and increase in the income generation which supports the economic development of the country (Jayawardena, et. al., 2013). France being a developed country is having well developed facilities which facilitate the movement of people and information from one place to another in an easy way. Communication facilities, transportation facilities and accommodation facilities offered by France provide comfort to the visitors during their tours or trips. France in having a warm and pleasant weather conditions which act as an appealing aspect and helps in making an effective appeal for the purpose of attracting the visitors. There are various places or cities in France which have different attraction features including infrastructures, historical monuments which hold the stories of the past, mountains, beaches and different cultures (Roshan, et. al., 2016;2015).

Other famous tourist destinations are United States and United Kingdom which possess various features which attracts the visitors towards these countries. Both these place are famous for the various tourist destinations located in these countries. And the other aspects including weather conditions, historical places and economic aspects have affected the trends of tourism industry. For the purpose of predicting the future trends of these tourist destinations there is a need to adopt measures which helps in making an effective appeal to the visitors. For predicting an increasing trend in the tourism industry there is a need to develop the basic facilities which plays a vital role in tourism industry. These basic services make the trip or tour of the visitors comfortable as well as memorable. And promotional techniques need to be used for the purpose of promoting the tourist destinations and making the travellers aware of these tourist destinations (Roshan, et. al., 2016;2015).

Table showing the tourist destinations of UK ranked on the basis of their popularity and number of visitors:

Position or rank	City
1	London
2	Edinburg
3	Manchester
4	Birmingham
5	Glasgow
6	Liverpool
7	DK towns
8	Bristol

Task 2

2.1 You have been asked to select at least two tourist destinations where TUI Group is seeking new business opportunities such as UK, Europe, Thailand, Spain, Mexico, Egypt, Turkey, China, Jamaica, Cuba, Kenya, India, Brazil and Nepal. In your presentation you have to firstly analyse the cultural, social and physical features of the tourist destinations explaining their appeal to tourists

For the purpose of explaining the appeal made by the tourist destinations, one most popular tourist destination has been selected “London” which is the most popular tourist destinations of United Kingdom. London is the capital of England and also a famous tourist destination of the world and located on the river Thames. There are various aspects of London which affects the level or effectiveness of appeal made by the tourist destination for the purpose of attracting visitors. London has different cultural features, social features, physical features, economic features and environmental features which affect travel and tourism at the tourist destination. London is famous for the historical monuments which depict the stories of Roman times, it is a leading city which is having well developed arts, commerce, education, entertainment,, fashion, finance, health and social care, media, tourism and transport, professional services, fashion, variety of the food it offers to its visitors, gastronomy, different cultures which attracts the visitors and makes an appeal to them. And it is also having pleasant climatic conditions which make the place suitable for the visitors. The economic conditions of United Kingdom are different as United Kingdom has different policies for the operation of the economic activities of the country Leiper & Park, 2010). The legal factors of the tourist destination also differ from other. The use of technology also affects the popularity of a destination as the use of technology helps in providing better services to the different sectors or industries. United Kingdom is a developed country which has well developed facilities. All these basic facilities are required for the purpose of moving people and information from one place to another. Tourism can be used as a means for spreading peace among the different countries so as to establish good relations with each other (Martínez-Ruiz, et. al., 2010). There various places in London which attracts the visitors including Barking and Dagenham, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Camden, Croydon, Ealing, Greenwich, Hackney, Harrow, Islington and Sutton and many more. It has been analysed that the number of visitors visiting London was 17.4 million in 2014 which has seen a growth of 3.5 % in comparison to the data of 2013 ( LANCEFIELD, 2016). 

2.2 You will also create a text table where you compare features of developing and leading tourist destinations given above

For the purpose of making comparison between a developing tourist destination and a leading tourist destination, two countries have been selected. As a developed country or a leading tourist destination, United Kingdom has been selected and as a developing country or developing tourist destination, Nepal has been selected. Both these places have different features which affects the level of appeal made by these destinations for attracting the visitors. There are various places in United Kingdom which attracts the visitors towards it and these places or tourist destinations includes The Eden Project, Holkham Bay, Shakespeare's Globe, The Isle of Skye, The Backs, Edinburgh, and Torquay and the famous cities of United Kingdom are London, Manchester, DK towns, Edinburg and many more. There are various places or tourist destinations in Nepal and these are Kathmandu, Pokhara, Chitwan National park, Nagarkot, Bhaktapur, Manang, and Patan and the famous cities of Nepal are Kathmandu, Pokharam, Janakpur, Hetada and Itahari and many more (Buffa, 2015). For the better understanding of the features of both the places comparison has been made in the form of a table. 

Basis of comparison	United Kingdom	Nepal
Cultural feature	United Kingdom is a modern country which is having different cultures and having high acceptability power for accepting and welcoming the tourists in the country.	Nepal is a country full of tradition where the traditions can be seen in the society and it provides quality services to the tourists visiting Nepal (Al-Kwifi, 2015).
Social feature	Social feature include differences in the religion and customs of the place. United Kingdom has vast acceptance for the different cultures and religions.	In Nepal the main focus is on supporting the tradition and promoting it. As it is a developing county the acceptance is limited to certain extent.
Physical feature	There are various destinations in United Kingdom and the most famous tourist destinations of united Kingdom are The Eden Project, Holkham Bay, Shakespeare's Globe, The Isle of Skye, The Backs, Edinburgh, and Torquay. There are various types of destinations.	There are various places or tourist destinations in Nepal which attracts the visitors and these are Kathmandu, Pokhara, Chitwan National park, Nagarkot, Bhaktapur, Manang, and Patan. Most destinations are historical places (Al-Kwifi, 2015).
Environmental feature	The weather or climatic conditions of United Kingdom are pleasant and warm which attracts the visitors as the weather conditions are suitable for the purpose of tourism (Buffa, 2015).	The climatic conditions in Nepal are not so favourable as recently an earthquake affected all the aspects of the country. All the economic activities of the country got affected as well as all the facilities also got affected due to the earthquake.
Technological feature	Being a developed country the technological advancements are adopted by it so as to provide quality services to the visitors as well as to the people of the country.	Being a developing country it is using manpower rather than technological advancements as the natural disaster has affected the country at a large level.
Economic feature	United Kingdom is a country which is having good control over the financial resources aspect due to development in the various sectors economic development is taking place at a fast speed.	Economic conditions of Nepal are not so strong and due to the natural disasters the economic conditions have suffered at large level (Al-Kwifi, 2015).
Legal feature	The crime rates against the tourists are less as the laws are strict (Buffa, 2015).	The crime rates against the tourists is more specially near Chitwan, Pokhara, the Annapurna region and the Thamel area of Kathmandu.

Task 3

3.1 Compare the appeal of current leading tourist with that of currently developing tourist destinations to be presented to marketing department to assist them in marketing activity

For the purpose of comparing the appeals made by the current leading tourist destination with a current developing tourist destination two countries have been selected, one is United Kingdom a developed or a leading tourist destination and India a developing tourist destination. Both these countries differ from each other in various aspects. The level of appeal made by both the countries gets affected by the various aspects or features of these countries. There are various destinations located in these countries which act as an attraction point. There are various factors which are outside the control and affect all the sectors or industries at large. The facilities available at the destination affect the tourism in a country. United Kingdom is a developed country which is having well developed communication facilities, transportation facilities and accommodation facilities which provides easiness to the travel and tourism as travel and tourism is dependent over these basic facilities (A, et. al., 2010). Travel and tourism involves movement of people from one place to another. Criminal activities are increasing against the tourists which have affected the tourism in an adverse manner. Rules and regulations against these criminal activities are strongly applied in United Kingdom which helps in elimination or reduction in these activities. On the contrary in India these criminal activities are taking place in large numbers. The climatic conditions of both the places are also different as in United Kingdom the climatic conditions are warm and suitable and on the other hand the climatic condition in India is hot which may affects the health of the tourists. Hygiene factor also acts as a basis for appeal for a tourist destination. United Kingdom is a clean tourist destination as it is a developed country and the government looks after the health and well-being of the people living in the country and the people visiting the country. India is a developing country and in spite of the efforts for maintaining hygiene level there is a need to develop the factors so as to make an appeal to the visitors. Tradition of both tourist destinations is different as India is a country which is full of historic aspects and United Kingdom depicts the stories of Roman times (Buffa, 2015). 

3.2 Provide a management report where you evaluate how characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal with reference to either Cuba, North Korea or Burma

Characteristics of place or a tourist destination affects the appeal made by it for attracting the visitors. These characteristics create an impact over the effectiveness of the appeal. For the better understanding a tourist destination has been selected “North Korea”. For the purpose of understanding the manner in which these characteristics of a tourist destination affects the appeal made by North Korea few factors need to be considered or kept in mind. These factors are discussed below:

Choice of destination: the choice or preference of the visitors affects the appeal made by a destination for attracting the visitors. With the change in the business environment the choice of tourists is also changing. There are various tourist destinations in North Korea which attracts the tourists. For example: whether the destination is modern or historical, in rural or urban area or coastal or central.

Access to the destination: the accessibility to a place is ascertained on the basis of the location of the destination. Location of the destination determines the level of appeal or effectiveness of appeal in attracting the tourists. For example whether transportation is available for reaching the destination or not (Akroush, et. al., 2016).

Cultural attractions: Culture of a place affects the appeal made by it. Tradition, religion or festivals affects the appeal as these attract the visitors. For example: cultural events, cuisine or the life style of the destination. North Korea is having various modern tourist destinations which grab the attention of the visitors.

Visitor’s motivation: the taste or wish of the visitor to visit a particular type of tourist destination motivates the visitor to visit a destination. For example a person want to visit a particular destination for the purpose of attempting a visit to different destinations, for the purpose of relaxing or taking rest, wish to visit a historical destination or the impacts of the family, friends and relatives (Peña, et. al., 2012).

Promotional techniques: Promotional techniques help in making people aware of the place and reaching the visitors for providing details of the destination to them.

Social characteristics: quality of life, pressure of population, literacy levels also creates an impact over the appeal by a tourist destination. North Korea is a place where the quality of life is suitable and the literacy level is also high (Peña, et. al., 2012).

Physical characteristics: physical characteristics of a place can be understood as the quality of infrastructure, availability of clean water, food, sanitation facilities, transportation and communication facilities are the basic needs of every person and for tourism industry.

Rate of criminal activities: criminal activities harm the tourists and affect their decision of selecting a place as well as popularity of the destination adversely. Criminal activities affect the image of the destination among the tourists.

Political characteristics: forms of government, the level of corruption taking place at the tourist destination, international links and using tourism as a political tool also affects the appeal of a tourist destination (Akroush, et. al., 2016).

Task 4

4.1 Analysing issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations

There are various aspects or issues or problems which affect or create an influence over the popularity of a tourist destination. These issues determine the level of appeal a destination is making for attracting the visitors. These issues are as follows:

• Change in the climatic conditions: change in the climatic conditions of a destination affects the health of the tourists as well as is not suitable for every type of tourist. These changes can have positive as well as negative impact over the tourist destination. For an example: The climate of India becomes suitable in winters as other places have very low temperature in comparison to India in winter season.
• Natural disasters: the impacts of a natural disaster can be seen over the every activity of the place. It adversely affects the popularity of the destination. For example: Earthquake in Nepal has not only affected the travel and tourism industry but has affected every activity of the country at large (Akroush, et. al., 2016).
• Political issues: Political issues creates a situation of war or riots in a country which harms the interest of the tourists as these issues results in closure of the areas of the place. For example at the time of riot an emergency notice is issued and people are asked to stay at their homes.
• Terrorism: the cases of attracts over the place affects the popularity of the tourist destinations. For example the terrorist attack in France on 14 July 2016 has affected the popularity as it has created fear among the tourists (Pan, et. al., 2011).
• Tourism trends: the trends of the market affect the popularity of a destination. Tourists who need to do something different select different tourist destinations which affects the popularity of other destinations.

Value of the products or services offered during the tour: the value or price of the products and services offered at the tourist destination affects the popularity as the income level of different people differs from each other. For an example the price of the accommodation and transportation are high in Germany will create adversely impact over the decisions of a tourist belonging to a middle class (Pan, et. al., 2011). 

4.2 Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide tourist destinations where TUI group operates with reference to Europe, Turkey ,Cuba, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Costa Rica, Egypt, and Thailand.

Responsible tourism can be understood as making the places safe and secure for the purpose of making it liveable for the people as well as for the visitors for visiting. It focuses on making a place better and safe for the people living there or people who are visiting the destination. Responsible tourism has resulted into minimisation of the economic, social and environmental impacts over a destination. It helps a tourist destination by making it a better place for the purpose of tourism also. It is based on three principles which are making the culture of a place understandable for the visitors, giving respect and being sensitive towards the people hosting the tour and to not provide any harm to the destinations a visitor is visiting. In United Kingdom the focus of responsible tourism is on making a positive impact over the tourists, over the economy of the destination and over the people of the destination. There are various organisations which are working for this motive. It also focuses over creation of the employment opportunities in United Kingdom so as to develop the standard of living of the people and generating income which helps in enhancing the economic conditions of United Kingdom. United Kingdom is promoting its natural beauty so as to preserve the natural environment for the future (Nicolaie, 2015). 

Conclusion

This program provides an understanding of the various aspects related to tourism industry. This program provides knowledge of the various famous tourist destinations on the basis of income generation and number of visitors visiting these destinations. Data of different years have been presented with a motive to analyse these popular tourist destination.  And        analysis has been done so as to estimate the trends and future trends of the tourist destinations. Analysis has been done of the cultural, social and physical aspects of London and comparison has been made between the features of United Kingdom a developed tourist destination and Nepal a developing tourist destination and between the features of United Kingdom a leading tourist destination and India a developing tourist destination. Various characteristics have been discussed which affects appeal made by a tourist destination for the purpose of attracting visitors and the issues which affects the popularity of a tourist destination. It also provides an understanding of the responsible tourism and its motive and impact over a tourist destination.

References

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